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Völuspá 23

23.

Þá gengu regin öll / á rökstóla,

Then went reigns all / to their ruling seats,

  • Þá  adv. then
  • gengu 3pl. past. ganga ‎(singular past indicative gekk, plural past indicative gengu, past participle genginn) to go, walk
  • regin regin n pl (plural only, Norse mythology) the gods, the ruling powers
  • öll nom. n. pl. allr (not comparable) all, entire, whole
  • á prep. onto +acc., on +dat.
  • rökstóla =rök+stóla, acc. pl.
  • rök n pl ‎(plurale tantum) judgement, doom
  • stóll m (genitive stóls, plural stólar) a stool, chair, throne

ginnheilug goð, / ok um þat gættusk:

the high-holy gods / held council:

  • ginnheilug =gin-heilǫg, nom. n. pl. gin-heilagr, a. most holy.
  • goð nom. pl. goð n (genitive goðs, plural goð) (Heathenry) a god, deity (specifically of the Norse pantheon, but also of any god)
  • ok conj ok and; bæði ok, both and (b er hann vitr ok framgjarn);
  • um prep. +acc about around
  • þat acc. n. sg. it
  • gættusk mp. past 3pl. gæta ‎(singular past indicative gætti, plural past indicative gættu, past participle gættr) to watch, guard, take care of (in the mediopassive) to take counsel

hvárt skyldu æsir / afráð gjalda

whether Aesir should / sacrifice offer,

  • hvárt neut. from ‘hvárr’, as interr. adv., whether, direct and indirect;
  • skyldu verb 3rd pl perf ind act skulu shall
  • æsir nom. pl. áss m (genitive ásar, plural æsir) (Norse mythology) one of the gods, Æsir
  • afráð wiktionary
  • afráð acc. sg. or pl. afráð payment ; gjalda afráð, to pay heavily, suffer severely af-ráð, n. payment; gjalda afráð, to pay heavily, suffer severely.
  • gjalda inf. gjalda to repay, return; g gjöf við gjöf, to pay back gift for gift; g aptr, to restore, pay back;

eða skyldu goðin öll / gildi eiga.

or should gods all / the guilds own.

  • eða hvárt … eða, whether (if) … or;
  • goðin nom. pl. def.  goð n (genitive singular goðs, nominative plural goð) an idol, a pagan god
  • öll adj pl neut acc allr all, entire, whole;
  • gildi gildi, n. (1) payment, tribute (rare); (2) recompense, return/

    gildr (gild, gilt), a. (1) valued at (g. tveim mörkum); (2) of full value;

  • eiga inf. own, possess
n-s singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative goð goðið goð goðin
accusative goð goðið goð goðin
dative goði goðinu goðum goðunum
genitive goðs goðsins goða goðanna
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Völuspá 22

22.

Heiði hana hétu, / hvars til húsa kom,

Heidi she hight, / to the house came

  • Heiði Heiðr (Old Norse “fame”, in adjective form “bright, clear”) / noun pl acc heiðr bright, clear, cloudless; h himinn, clear sky; heiðar stjörnur, bright stars
  • hana acc. f. sg. pron.
  • hétu verb 3rd pl perf ind act heita to call give a name to; Grímni mik hétu, they called me G ; heitinn eptir e-m, called (named) after one;
  • hvars adv hvars = hvar es, er, wheresoever
  • til prep. (with genitive) to, towards
  • húsa noun pl gen hús house
  • kom 3sg. past koma to come (litlu síðarr kómu Finnar aptr heim);

völu velspá, / vitti hon ganda,

the wise volva, / woken she neighbours,

  • völu acc. sg. vǫlva f (genitive vǫlu, plural vǫlur) völva; prophetess, seeress, witch
  • velspá vel adv. (1) well  (2) easily (3) fully, amply, largely / acc. f. sg. spár, a. prophetic (í hjarta spás manns); cf. ‘forspár’, ‘veðrspár’.
  • vitti 3sg. past vitta (-tta), v. poet. to bewitch, charm (vitti hon ganda).
  • ganda acc. gen.  pl. gandr (-s, -ar), m. magic staff; renna göndum, to ride a witch-ride

seið hon hvars hon kunni, / seið hon hugleikin,

magic she knew, / magic she joyfully,

  • seið verb 3rd sg perf ind act siða to improve, esp to reform the faith (s land, fólk); refl, siðast, to be improved, civilized (þar eptir siðaðist landit) / síða (síð; seið, siðum; siðinn), v. to work charms through ‘seiðr’ (þat er vá lítil, at vér síðim). / seiðr (gen. seiðs or seiðar), m. spell, charm, enchantment, incantation; seiða (efla, magna) seið, to work a spell, practise sorcery.
  • hvars adv hvars = hvar es, wheresoever
  • hugleikin adjective; nominative singular feminine of <hugleikinn> entranced, in a trance; intense(ly) — crazed / Alternatively, this could be two separate words, hug ‘spirit’ (object of seið) and leikin (past participle of leika ‘play’). hugr (-ar, -ir), m. (1) mind; í(2) mood, heart, temper, feel- ing; (3) de- sire, wish; leika (leik; lék, lékum; leikinn), v. (1) to play (2) to perform,

æ var hon angan / illrar brúðar.

friendly always / for angry maidens.

  • æ  adv. ever, always; forever
  • angan angan, f. sweet odour
  • illrar adj sg fem gen illr ill, evil, bad;
  • brúðar noun sg gen brúðr bride f.