Völuspá 21

21.

Þat man hon fólkvíg / fyrst í heimi,

She dispute remember, / the first in the home,

  • Þat acc. n.
  • man verb 3rd sg pres ind act muna to remember (mantu nökkut, hver orð ek hafða þar um? �at man ek görla); m langt fram, to remember far back; m til e-s, to have recollection of (spyrr Sveinn konungr, hvárt þeir muni til heitstrengingar sinnar) ; m e-m e-t, to remember a thing against one
  • hon nom. f. sg.
  • fólkvíg fólk n people / víg, n. (1) fight, battle;  (2) homicide, man-slaughter
  • fyrst adv fyrst first;
  • í prep í
  • heimi noun sg dat heimr a place of abode, a region or world (níu man ek heima) ; spyrja e-n í hvern heim, to ask one freely;

er Gullveig / geirum studdu

when Gullveig / Geirum supported,

  • Gullveig The etymology of the Old Norse name Gullveig is problematic. The first element, Gull-, means “gold”, yet the second element, veig, is murky (a situation shared with the Old Norse personal names Rannveig, Sölveig, and Thórveig). Veig may sometimes mean “alcoholic drink”, “power, strength”, and sometimes also “gold”. The name Heiðr (Old Norse “fame”, in adjective form “bright, clear”) is semantically related; scholar Rudolf Simek comments that although Gullveig’s name changes to Heiðr, the meaning still remains basically the same.[1] Heiðr is sometimes anglicized as Heith, Heid, or Heidi. / veig (pl. -ar), f. (1) strong beverage, drink (hann skal drekka dýrar veigar); (2) pith, strength (fór þat líð aptr, er honum, þótti minni veig í).
  • geirum noun pl dat geirr m spear
  • studdu verb 3rd pl perf ind act styðja to rest (one thing on another), esp so as to support oneself thereby; styðja (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative studdi, supine stutt) (transitive, governs the accusative) to support / stab or pierce

ok í höll Hárs / hana brendu;

and in Hárs hall / they burn her;

  • í wiktionary
  • í prep í [definition unavailable]
  • höll noun sg dat. or acc.  höll f (genitive singular hallar, nominative plural hallir) palace
  • Hárs adj sg masc gen  hárr, a. hoary, grey-haired. substantive
  • hana acc. f. sg. her
  • brendu 3pl. past brenna (strong verb, third-person singular past indicative brann, third-person plural past indicative brunnu, supine brunnið) (intransitive) to burn, to be on fire / Past ek   brenda, þú   brendir, hann brendi, vér  brendum, þér  brenduð, þeir brendu

þrysvar brendu / þrysvar borna,

three times burned / the three times born,

  • þrysvar  adv. thrice, three times.
  • brendu 3pl. past brenna
  • borna acc. f. sg. borinn pres. part.  / bera

opt, ósjaldan, / þó hon enn lifir.

often, not seldom, / yet still she lives.

  • opt adv opt often, frequently; compar, optarr, oftener; superl, optast, oftenest, most frequently
  • ósjaldan sjaldan (sjaldnar, sjaldnast), adv. seldom (s. hefi ek aðra ha at skildi fyrir mér).
    not seldom, repeatedly / ó-, the negative prefix un-
  • opt ósjaldan again and again
  • þó conj. though, adv. still, yet
  • hon nom. f. sg she
  • enn enn (not comparable) yet, still
  • lifir verb 3rd sg pres ind act lifa to be left (er þriðjungr lifði nætr); meðan öld lifir, while the world stands;

Völuspá 20

20.

Þaðan koma meyjar / margs vitandi

Thence comes maidens, / much knowing,

  • Þaðan adv þaðan from there, thence
  • koma verb 3rd pl pres ind act koma to come
  • meyjar mær f (genitive meyjar, plural meyjar) maid, girl, virgin
  • margs adj sg neut gen margr in sing a collect sense, both as subst and adj, many a (one) ; m maðr, many a person;
  • vitandi pres part. vita to have sense, be conscious / to have sense, be conscious (hann var enn ei- gi ørendr, en vissi þó ekki); with gen., gráðugr halr, nema geðs viti, unless he has his senses about him;
feminine singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative mær mærin meyjar meyjarnar
accusative mey meyina meyjar meyjarnar
dative mey, meyju meyinni, meyjunni meyjum meyjunum
genitive meyjar meyjarinnar meyja meyjanna
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative margr mǫrg margt, mart
accusative margan marga margt, mart
dative mǫrgum margri mǫrgu
genitive margs margrar margs
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative margir margar mǫrg
accusative marga margar mǫrg
dative mǫrgum mǫrgum mǫrgum
genitive margra margra margra

þrjár, ór þeim sal / er und þolli stendr;

three, from the hall / under tree stands;

  • þrjár nom. f. pl. 3
  • ór prep ór  +dat. out of, from
  • þeim dat. m. sg. demonstr.
  • sal dat. sg. salr m (genitive salar, plural salir) room, hall
  • und undir prep under with dat. and acc.; with dat.
  • þolli dat. sg. þollr, m. fir-tree, tree in general.
  • stendr verb 3rd sg pres ind act standa to stand, opp to sitja or liggja

Urð hétu eina, / aðra Verðandi,

Urd hight the first, / the second Verdandi,

  • Urð noun sg acc urðr weird, fate urðr (gen. -ar), f. weird, fate.
  • hétu verb 3rd pl perf ind act heita to call give a name to; Grímni mik hétu, they called me G ; heitinn eptir e-m, called (named) after one;
  • eina acc f. sg. 1
  • aðra acc. f. sg annarr (not comparable) other, another, second, next
  • Verðandi prés. part verða (singular past indicative varð, plural past indicative urðu, past participle orðinn) to become
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative annarr ǫnnur annat
accusative annan aðra annat
dative ǫðrum annarri ǫðru
genitive annars annarrar annars
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative aðrir aðrar ǫnnur
accusative aðra aðrar ǫnnur
dative ǫðrum ǫðrum ǫðrum
genitive annarra annarra annarra

skáru á skíði, / Skuld ina þriðju;

they ash-tablets graved, / Skuld hight the third;

  • skáru verb 3rd pl perf ind act skera (sker; skar, skárum; sko- rinn), to cut / to carve, cut out (á brúðum stólsins var skorinn Þórr, ok var þat líkneski mikit);
  • skíði noun sg dat skíð billet of wood, firewood (kljúfa s);
  • Skuld skuld f (genitive singular skuldar, nominative plural skuldir) a debt (plural only, of a company) liabilities, guilt, skulu (first person singular present indicative skal, first person plural past subjunctive skyldi) shall, must
  • ina acc. f. sg inn the
  • þriðju the third
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative þriðji þriðja þriðja
accusative þriðja þriðju þriðja
dative þriðja þriðju þriðja
genitive þriðja þriðju þriðja
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative þriðju þriðju þriðju
accusative þriðju þriðju þriðju
dative þriðju þriðju þriðju
genitive þriðju þriðju þriðju

þær lög lögðu, / þær líf kuru

they laws made, / they life selected;

  • þær nom. f. pl
  • lög acc. pl. lög, n. pl. (1) law, laws, preordained fate / lag layer place
  • lögðu 3pl. past leggja (singular past indicative lagði, plural past indicative lǫgðu, past participle lagðr) to lay, place, put, to allot, assign
  • líf  noun sg acc líf life;
  • kuru 3pl. past kjósa (kýs; kaus, køri and keyri; kusum and kurum; kosinn, kørinn), v. (1) to choose, select (valkyrjur ríða jaf- nan at k. val)

alda börnum, / örlög segja.

all the children / they destiny say.

  • alda noun pl gen öld ǫld f (genitive aldar, plural aldir) time, age; cycle, period; gamla ö., the old cycle;  poet., men, people; alda börn, children of men.
  • börnum noun pl dat barn bairn, child; barn n (genitive barns, plural bǫrn) child
  • örlög örlög n pl (plurale tantum) destiny
  • segja pres. 3pl. segja say, tell, declare, in an oath
neuter singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative barn barnit bǫrn bǫrnin
accusative barn barnit bǫrn bǫrnin
dative barni barninu bǫrnum bǫrnunum
genitive barns barnsins barna barnanna

Völuspá 19

19.

Ask veit ek standa, / heitir Yggdrasill

Ash I know standing, / named Yggdrasill,

  • veit 1sg. pres. vita (singular past indicative vissi, plural past indicative vissu, past participle vitaðr) to know
  • standa inf. standa to stand
  • heitir =heitr, part 3sg. pres, heita to call give a name to; Grímni mik hétu, they called me
  • Yggdrasill yggr, a. anxious (yggt vas þeim síðan), drösull, m. poet. horse, = drasill.

hár baðmr, [ausinn / hvítaauri];

a lofty tree, laved / with limpid water:

  • hár adj sg masc nom hár high
  • baðmr baðmr, m. (1) tree; (2) bosom.
  • ausinn past part. nom. sg. m. ausa to sprinkle, pour, with dat; þær taka hvern dag vatn i brunninum ok ausa (viz því) upp yfir askinn, Pour it over the ash-tree; a síld ór netjum, to empty the nets of the herrings; fig, a sauri á e-n, to bespatter with abuse; a e-m e-u í augu upp, to thro
  • hvíta adj hvítr white
  • auri dat. sg. aurr m (genitive aurs, plural aurar) moist earth, wet clay, mud
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative hvítr hvítr hvítt
accusative hvítan hvíta hvítt
dative hvítrum hvítri hvítru
genitive hvíts hvítrar hvíts
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative hvítir hvítar hvítr
accusative hvíta hvítar hvítr
dative hvítrum hvítrum hvítrum
genitive hvítra hvítra hvítra
masculine singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative aurr aurrinn aurar aurarnir
accusative aur aurinn aura aurana
dative auri aurinum aurum aurunum
genitive aurs aursins aura auranna

þaðan koma döggvar / þærs í dala falla;

thence comes dew / that in dales fell;

  • þaðan adv þaðan (not comparable) from there, thencewhite
  • koma verb 3rd pl pres ind act koma to come (litlu síðarr kómu Finnar aptr heim);
  • döggvar nom. pl. dögg (gen. döggvar, dat. dögg or döggu; pl. döggvar), f. dew; -fall, n. dew-fall, deposit of dew; -lauss, a. dew- less; -litr, a. besprinkled with dew;
  • þærs =þær nom. f. pl. = döggvar
  • í prep í into
  • dala noun pl acc dalr dale, valley (djúpir dalir)
  • falla verb 3rd pl pres ind act falla to fall

stendr æ yfir grœnn / [Urðar brunni].

stands always over / the green Urd’s well.

  • stendr verb 3rd sg pres ind act standa to stand, opp to sitja or liggja (hann stóð við vegginn);
  • æ adv. ever, at any time
  • yfir prep yfir with dat and acc; I with dat over, above
  • grœnn nom. m. sg. grœnn (comparative grœnni, superlative grœnstr) green, fresh
  • Urðar wikipedia gen. f.
  • brunni noun sg dat brunnr m. spring;