13.

Fíli, Kíli, / Fundinn, Náli,

Fili, Kili, / Fundinn, Nali,

• Fili  =Fílli Old Saxon or Old High German fīla ‎(“file”), thus meaning “The Filer” (1) File. (2) By association with weak masculine nouns formed on tool-names it may mean ‘filer,’ as Gering (13) thinks. Cp. MnN S D fil. The source is Frisian or LG file, which, coming in with commerce, displaced the native fœl of the Scandinavian main-land, but failed in Iceland to drive out þel.
• Kili =Kíli Wedge. Possibly, one who uses a wedge.  Cp. MnN, D kile, S dial. kila, borrowed from Frisian or LG kil. This foreign word was victorious on the Scandinavian mainland, but not in Iceland where veggr is retained.
• Fundinn Found. Cp. fundinn, pp. of finda, ‘to find.’ verb perf act finna to find (þá fundu þeir Hjörleif dauðan) ;
• Nali =Nári Axle of a hand-mill. Cp. nál, (1) ‘needle, tree-nail,’ (2) = mǫndull,’axle of a hand-mill.’ / nál f ‎(genitive singular nálar, nominative plural nálar) needle

Hepti, Víli, / Hanarr, Svíurr,

Hepti, Vili, / Hanarr, Svíurr,

• Hepti wiktionary
• Hepti verb hepta to bind, fetter; h hross, hest, to hobble a horse ; noun hepti haft (of a dirk)
• Vili =Víli Of uncertain origin and meaning, but possibly a misspelling for Fíli, meaning “The Needle”
• Vili noun sg nom vili will, wish, desire (sigrsæll er góðr v) ;
• Hanarr Hanarr m (genitive Hanars) Possibly from Old Norse hannarr ‎(“skilled”), thus meaning “Skilled One”
• Svíurr Svíurr m (genitive Svíurs) Possibly related to Old Norse svína ‎(“to dwindle, subside”), thus meaning “Dwindled One” Cp. possibly MnI svía, ‘to decrease,’ used of pain. svíun, ‘decrease of pain,’ MHG svinen, ‘to disappear.’

Billingr, Brúni, / Bíldr ok Buri,

Billingr, Brúni, / Bildr and Buri,

• Billingr billingr ‎(“twin brother”), thus meaning “Twin Brother” Cp. MnN billing, idem., Finnish Swedish, bil, ‘uncle.’
• Brúni Old Norse brúnn ‎(“brown”), thus meaning “Brown One” Black or dark brown. Cp. brunn,idem.
• Bildr An edged weapon or instrument. Cp. bildr, ‘instrument for bloodletting, axe,’ MnI bildur, ‘instrument for bloodletting, arrow or other projectile,’ MnN bill, ‘instrument for bloodletting,’ S dial. bill, ‘tool for cutting ice,’ OS bilder,MnS plogbill, ‘plow-share,’ E bill, ‘a weapon.’ bíldr an instrument for letting blood, lancet (örit var sem bílds spor yæri, a scar as from a b)
• Buri Son. Cp. burr,’son.’ probably meaning “Bringer Forth”. Compare Borr ‎(“One Brought Forth”).

Frár, Hornbori, / Frægr ok Lóni,

Frár, Hornbori, / Fregr and Lóni,

• Frár frár ‎(“swift”), thus meaning “Swift One”
• Hornbori  horn ‎(“horn”) +‎ bora ‎(“to bore, drill”), thus meaning “Horn-borer”. Hornborer, i.e. a man who bores horn. Cp. horn, ‘horn’, bora, ‘to bore,’ MnI, MnN, S dial., D, OE, MLG bor, S borr,’auger, gimlet, drill.’
• Frægr  frægr ‎(“famous”), thus meaning “Famous One”
• Lóni  lón ‎(“a still place in the flow”), thus meaning “Lazy One”, “Still One”. lón n ‎(genitive singular lóns, nominative plural lón) a lagoon

Aurvangr, Jari, / Eikinskjaldi.

Aurvangr, Jari, / Eikinskjaldi.

• Aurvangr aurr ‎(“clay, mud”) +‎ vangr ‎(“wong, field”), thus meaning “Mud-wong” / aurr m (genitive aurs, plural aurar) moist earth, wet clay, mud / vangr m (genitive vangs, plural vangar) (poetic, especially in compounds) a garden, field, meadow / Gravelly plain. Cp. aur, ‘gravel,’ vangr, ‘plain.’
• Jari jara ‎(“battle”), thus meaning “Warrior”Warrior. Cp. jara, ‘battle.’ If this name was constructed from Jǫruvellir, the man who did it probably thought Jǫruvellir meant ‘battle-plains.’
• Eikinskjaldi eikinn ‎(“oaken”) +‎ skjǫldr ‎(“shield”), thus meaning “One with Oaken Shield”/ The one with the oaken shield. Cp. eik, ‘oak, skjǫldr, ‘shield.’ FJ and Gering (17) prefer this definition. Ross and Bugge prefer ‘the one raging with a shield.’ Cp. eikinn, ‘violent, raging.’ But warriors do not ordinarily ‘rage’ with a weapon of defence.

12.

Par Lorenz Frølich — Published in Gjellerup, Karl (1895). Den ældre Eddas Gudesange. Photographed from a 2001 reprint by bloodofox (discussion · contributions)., Domaine public, Lien

Veggr ok Gandálfr, / Vindálfr, Þorinn,

Veggr and Gandálfr, / Vindálfr, Thorinn,

• Veggr noun sg nom veggr gablewall =hlað
• Gandálfr (1) Elf concerned with magic. (2) Wolf-elf, outlaw-elf, i.e. evil elf. Cp. gandr, (1) ‘stick, magic wand, magic ball, magic,’ (2) = vargr,’wolf, outlaw,’ álfr, elf.’, —  gandr ‎(“magic staff”) +‎ alfr ‎(“elf”), thus meaning “Elf with a Magic Staff”
• Vindálfr Wind-elf. Cp. vindr, ‘wind,’ dlfr, ‘elf.’ — vindr m wind
• Þorinn Bold. Cp. þora, ‘to dare,’ þoran, ‘daring,’ MnI þorinn, ‘bold.’ —  þora ‎(“to dare, have the courage”), thus meaning “Bold One”

masculine	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	álfr	álfrinn	álfir	álfirnir
accusative	álf	álfinn	álfi	álfina
dative	álf	álfinum	álfum	álfunum
genitive	álfar	álfarins	álfa	álfanna

Þrár ok Þráinn, / Þekkr, Litr ok Vitr,

Thrár and Thráinn, / Thekkr, Litr ok Vitr,

• Þrár Stubborn. Cp. þrár, idem. — þrár ‎(comparative þrárri, superlative þráastur) stubborn, obstinate, dogged
• Þráinn Stubborn. Cp. þrár, idem.
• Þekkr Beloved. Cp. þekkr,idem., From þekkr ‎(“agreeable, beloved”), thus meaning “Beloved One”
• Litr adj sg masc nom litr colour, hue; bregða lit, to change colour; blár (grár, hvítr, rauðr) at lit, blue (grey, white, red) of colour; — lita to dye — Color, especially reddish color of the face. Cp. litr, idem.
• Vitr adj sg masc nom vitr wise (v maðr) — Wise. Cp. vitr, idem. — vitr ‎(“wise”), thus meaning “Wise One”

Nýr ok Nýráðr, / nú hefi ek dverga,

Nýr and Nýrádr, / now have I Dwarfs,

• Nýr New. Cp. nýr, idem.
• Nýráðr Ingenious. Cp. nýráðliga, ‘unexpectedly, surprisingly,” nýráðligr, ‘unexpected, surprising, new-fangled, queer’
• nú adv. now
• hefi verb 1st sg pres ind act hafa to have (þeir höfdu sjau skip ok flest stór) ; h elda, to keep up a five;
• dverga noun pl acc dvergr dwarf (lágr ok digr sem d) ;

Reginn ok Ráðsviðr, / rétt um talða.

Reginn and Radsvidr, / rightly mention.

• Reginn The potent one, the wielder. Cp. regen, ‘the highest powers, the gods.’ — regin n pl (plural only, Norse mythology) the gods, the ruling powers
• Ráðsviðr Wise in counsel. Cp. ráðsviðr, ráðsvinnr, idem — ráð n ‎(genitive singular ráðs, nominative plural ráð) advice, counsel
• rétt adv. rétt (comparative réttar, superlative réttast) rightly, correctly
• um prep.
• talða telja ‎(singular past indicative talði, plural past indicative tǫlðu, past participle talaðr) to count, number, to tell, say, to reckon, consider

infinitive	telja
present participle	teljandi
past participle	talðr
indicative	present	past
1st-person singular	tel	talða
2nd-person singular	telr	talðir
3rd-person singular	telr	talði
1st-person plural	teljum	tǫlðum
2nd-person plural	telið	tǫlðuð
3rd-person plural	telja	tǫlðu

11.

By Lorenz Frølich – Published in Gjellerup, Karl (1895). Den ældre Eddas Gudesange. Photographed from a 2001 reprint by bloodofox (talk · contribs)., Public Domain, Link

Nýi, Niði, / Norðri, Suðri,

Nýi, Nidi, / Nordri, Sudri,

• Nýi The one connected with the new moon. Cp. ný, ‘the new moon.’ Nýi could be from nýr, ‘new,’ but the context (Vsp. 11-1) indicates that it refers to a phenomenon of nature.
• Niði The one associated with the dark of the moon. Cp. nið, ‘the dark of the moon.’ So far as the form is concerned it might be from niðr, ‘son, kinsman, relative,’ but the context in which it stands (Vsp. 11-1) supports the view that niði indicates a phenomenon of nature.
• Norðri The one in the North. Cp. norYr,’north.’
• Suðri The one in the South. Cp. suðr, ‘south.’

Austri, Vestri, / Alþjófr, Dvalinn,

Austri, Vestri, / Althjófr, Dvalinn,

• Austri The one in the East. Cp. austr, ‘east.’ — noun sg dat austr the east (sól í austri; til austrs);
• Vestri The one in the West. Cp. vestr,’west.’ —  noun sg dat vestr the west (frá vestri ok til norðrs) ; sá ek fugl fljúga ór vestri, from the west;
• Alþjófr Wholly a thief. Cp. alauþn, ‘Complete destruction,’algildi, ‘complete recompense,’ alheilsa, ‘complete health,’ i.e., al- ‘all,’ þjófr, ‘thief.’
• Dvalinn Torpid. Cp. MnN dvalen, ‘lazy, sleepy,’ dvale, ‘stupor, state of hibernation,’ in ablaut with dúra. Gering(13) objects to this connection and attributes the word to dvelja, ‘to delay,’ but the origins of both dvale and dvelja are identical.

Nár ok Náinn, / Nípingr, Dáinn,

Nár and Náinn, / Nípingr, Dáinn,

• Nár Corpse. Cp. nár, m (genitive nás) corpse; a dead person
• Náinn (1) Corpselike. Cp. nár, ‘corpse.’ (2)Relative. Cp. náinn, Náinn m (genitive Náins) (Norse mythology) name of a dwarf, ná ‎(“near”) or nár ‎(“corpse”), thus meaning either “Nigh One” or “Corpselike One”
• Nípingr Pinch. Cp. MnI nípingur, ‘a pinch on the nose,’ MnN nypa, ‘to pinch.’ The word probably came in with the nípuleikur, a game known in other Scandinavian countries.
• Dáinn Deadlike. Cp. deyja, ‘to die.’

Bifurr, Böfurr, / Bömburr, Nori,

Bifurr, Bafurr, / Bomburr, Nori,

• Bifurr Beaver, i.e. one who does things with zeal. Cp. MnN bøver,S bäver, D bœver, MnI bifurr. Borrowed from Frisian-LG bever. The native form of the word was bjórr. The name of this animal is often used figuratively for diligence. Cp. MnN bjor, ‘beaver, hard worker,’ E ‘to work like a beaver.’ MnI has gone even farther; bifurr, ‘beaver, mood, thought, inclination.’
• Böfurr Bǫfurr m (genitive Bǫfurs) (Norse mythology) name of a dwarf,  A possible explanation is that this word is an imitation of Bifurr, another dwarf-name.
• Bömburr =Bumburr The swollen one. Cp. bumba, ‘drum,’ MnN bumba, pregnant female with swollen figure
• Nori Little shaver. Cp. MnI nóri, ‘a small bit of something, a little shaver.’

Ánn ok Ánarr, / Óinn, Mjöðvitnir.

Ánn and Ánarr, / Óinn, Mjodvitnir.

• Ánn Ónn This form is listed hesitantly instead of qnn by FJ but is not sufficiently documented. Ǫnn, (1) ? Cp. *AþawiniR,  Aþa-, of undetermined meaning, *winiR-vinr, ‘friend.’ Ann (An) and Ǫnn may be variants of the same word. This is not a suitable dwarf-name, since it is a compound which is no longer transparent, an old heroic name. (2) An (undefined) part of a sword. Cp. ǫnn, idem. This is the least objectionable explanation. (3) Hard work. Cp. Qnn, idem, Gothic asans, ‘summer (harvest- time).’ (2) and (3) do not account for Ánn.
• Ánarr =Ónarr Starer. Cp. MnN ona, ‘to stare longingly at something.’
• Óinn Shy. Cp. óask,’tobeafraid,’ MnN oast,’to be afraid,’ o e, ‘fear.’
• Mjöðvitnir Meadwolf, i.e. toper. Cp. mjǫðr, ‘mead,’ vitnir, ‘wolf.’