DE QUERCU ET HARUNDINE
Le chêne et le roseau »
- quercu sg. f. abl. quercus an oak, oak-tree, Italian oak
- harundine sg. f. abl. harundo a reed, cane
Montibus e summis radicitus eruta quercus / Decidit insani turbine victa noti.
Depuis des sommets de montagnes, un chêne déraciné jusqu’à la racine, tomba, vaincu par le tourbillon du vent du sud déchaîné.
- montibus pl. m. abl. mons a mountain, mount, range of mountains
- summis pl. f. abl. summa the top, summit
- summis pl. m. abl. summus uppermost, highest, topmost
- radicitus adv. indecl. radicitus by the roots, utterly, radically
- eruta part. sg. parf. pass. f. nom. eruo to cast forth, throw out, root up, dig out, take
- quercus sg. f. nom. quercus an oak, oak-tree, Italian oak
- decidit 3. sg. parf. decido to fall down, fall off, fall away
- insani adj. sg. m. gén. insanus of unsound mind, mad, insane
- turbine sg. m. abl. turbo that which whirls, a whirlwind, hurricane, tornado
- victa sg. f. nom. Victa the goddess that presides over food
- noti sg. m. gén. Notus the south wind
Quam tumidis subter decurrens alveus undis / Suscipit et fluvio praecipitante rapit.
et le creux d’une rivière qui descendait en courant par dessous (des montagne) le soulève prend par dessous par ses eaux gonflées et l’emporte de son eaux cascadantes.
- quam adv. indecl. quam as long as; see quam
- tumidis adj. pl. f. abl. tumidus swollen, swelling, rising high, protuberant, tumid
- subter adv. indecl. subter below, beneath, underneath
- decurrens part. sg. m. nom. decurro to run down, hasten down, run, hasten
- alveus sg. m. nom. alveus lit de fleuve
- undis pl. f. abl. unda a wave, billow
- suscipit 3. sg. suscipio to take, catch, take up, lift up, receive
- fluvio sg. m. abl. fluvius a river
- praecipitante part. sg. m. abl. praecipito to throw headlong, cast down, hurl down, precipitate
- rapit 3. sg. rapio to seize and carry off, snatch, tear, pluck, drag, hurry away
Verum ubi diversis inpellitur ardua ripis, / In fragiles calamos grande residit onus.
Mais lorsque, il est heurté (cogné) parce qu’il est haut (ardua attribut de sujet) contre des rives différents, son grand poids s’arrête dans des roseaux fragiles,
- verum sg. m. acc. verus true, real, actual, genuine
- ubi conj. indecl. ubi in which place, in what place, where
- diversis part. pl. parf. pass. f. abl. diverto to visit
- inpellitur 3. sg. pass. pello to beat, strike, knock, push, drive, hurl, impel, propel
- ardua adj. sg. f. nom. arduus steep
- ripis pl. f. abl. ripa a bank, margin
- fragiles adj. pl. m. acc. fragilis easily broken, brittle, fragile
- calamos pl. m. acc. calamus a reed, cane:
- grande adj. sg. n. nom. grandis full-grown, large, great, full, abundant
- residit 3. sg. resido to sit down, settle
- onus sg. n. nom. onus a load, burden
Tunc sic exiguo conectens caespite ramos / Miratur liquidis quod stet harundo vadis.
Alors il s’étonne de ce que le roseau attachant ses tiges à un si petit bout de terre, se tienne droit dans des bas-fonds de liquide.
- tunc adv. indecl. tunc then, at that time, just then, on that occasion
- sic adv. indecl. sic thus, in this way, as I do, as you see
- exiguo adj. sg. m. abl. exiguus strict, exact, scanty, small, little, petty, short, poor, mean, inadequate, inconsiderable, paltry
- conectens part. sg. m. nom. conecto to bind together, connect, entwine, join, unite, link
- caespite sg. m. abl. caespes a turf, cut sod
- ramos pl. m. acc. ramus a branch, bough, twig
- miratur 3. sg. pass. miror to wonder, marvel, be astonished, be amazed, admire
- liquidis adj. pl. n. abl. liquidus flowing, fluid, liquid
- quod pron. sg. n. nom. indecl. qui who? which? what? what kind of a?
- stet 3. sg. subj. sto to stand, stand still, remain standing, be upright, be erect
- harundo sg. f. nom. harundo a reed, cane
- vadis pl. n. abl. vadum gué
Se quoque tam vasto necdum consistere trunco, / Ast illam tenui cortice ferre minas.
(Il dit) aussi que lui-même ne reste pas encore ferme avec son tronc tellement énorme mais que l’autre (harundinem) supporte les menaces avec sa mince écorce.
- se pron. sg. m. acc. indecl. sui Himself, herself, itself, themselves
- quoque adv. indecl. quoque also, too
- tam adv. indecl. tam in such a degree, as much, so, so much
- vasto adj. sg. m. abl. vastus empty, unoccupied, waste, desert, devastated
- necdum conj. indecl. necdum pas encore
- sistere sisto
- trunco sg. m. abl. truncus the stem, stock, bole, trunk
- ast conj. indecl. at but
- illam pron. sg. f. acc. indecl. ille that
- tenui adj. sg. m.f. abl. tenuis drawn out, meagre, slim, thin, lank, slender
- cortice sg. m.f. abl. cortex the bark, rind, shell, hull
- ferre inf. fero to bear, carry, support, lift, hold, take up
- minas pl. f. acc. minae projecting points, pinnacles
Stridula mox blando respondens canna susurro / Seque magis tutam debilitate docet.
Aussitôt, le petit roseau sifflant en lui répondant d’un chuchotement caressant, explique qu’il est (esse) plus sûr par sa fragilité :
- stridula adj. sg. f. nom. stridulus creaking, rattling, hissing, whizzing, buzzing
- mox adv. indecl. mox soon, anon, directly, presently, by and by
- blando adj. sg. m. abl. blandus of smooth tongue, flattering, fawning, caressing
- respondens part. sg. f. nom. respondeo to answer, reply, respond, make answer
- canna sg. f. nom. canna a reed, cane:
- susurro sg. m. abl. susurrus a humming, murmuring, muttering, whispering
- seque 2. sg. imper. sequor to follow, come after, follow after, attend, accompany
- magis adv. indecl. magis a plate, dish
- tutam adj. sûr
- debilitate sg. f. abl. debilitas lameness, debility, infirmity, weakness, helplessness
- docet 3. sg. doceo to cause to know, make aware, teach, instruct, inform, show, prove, convince, tell
«Tu rabidos» inquit «ventos saevasque procellas / Despicis et totis viribus acta ruis.
il dit « Toi (le chêne), tu méprises les vents enragés et les tempêtes furieuses et tu t’écoules ayant été poussé par toute les forces.
- rabidos adj. pl. m. acc. rabidus aving, mad, rabid, enraged
- inquit 3. sg. inquam to say
- ventos ventus
- saevasque adj. pl. f. acc. saevus raging, mad, furious, fell, fierce, savage, ferocious
- procellas pl. f. acc. procella a violent wind, storm, hurricane, tempest
- despicis 2. sg. despicio to look down upon
- et conj. indecl. et and
- totis adj. pl. f. abl. totus all, all the, all at once, the whole, entire, total
- viribus pl. f. abl. indecl. vis strength, force, vigor, power, energy, virtue
- acta part. sg. parf. pass. f. nom. ago to put in motion, move, lead, drive, tend, conduct
- ruis 2. sg. ruo to fall with violence, rush down, fall down, tumble down, go to ruin
Ast ego surgentes paulatim demoror austros, / Et quamvis levibus provida cedo notis.
Mais moi, j’arrête peu à peu les brises du midi qui se lèvent, et prudent je cède aux vent même légers.
- ast conj. indecl. at but
- surgentes part. pl. m. acc. surgo to rise, arise, get up, stand up
- paulatim adv. indecl. paulatim by little and little, by degrees, gradually
- demoror 1. sg. pass. demoror to retard, detain, delay
- austros pl. m. acc. auster the south wind
- et conj. indecl. et and
- quamvis adv. indecl. quamvis I. Adv, as you will, as much as you will, however much, as much as possible, very much, extremely, exceedingly
- levibus adj. pl. m. abl. levis light, not heavy
- provida adj. sg. f. nom. providus foreseeing, prescient
- cedo 1. sg. cedo to go from, give place, remove, withdraw, go away, depart, retire
- notis pl. m. abl. notus known
In tua praeruptus se effundit robora nimbus, / Motibus aura meis ludificata perit.»
Sur ta force (sg.) le nuage se diverse, mais le vent trompé par mes mouvements s’épuise. »
- tua adj. pl. n. acc. tuus thy, thine, your, yours
- praeruptus part. sg. parf. pass. m. nom. praerumpo to break off before, tear away in front
- praeruptus adj. sg. m. nom. praeruptus broken off, steep, abrupt, rugged
- effundit 3. sg. effundo to pour, pour out, shed
- robora pl. n. acc. robur hard-wood, oak-wood, oak
- nimbus sg. m. nom. nimbus a rain-storm, pouring rain, thick shower
- motibus pl. m. abl. motus a moving, motion
- aura sg. f. nom. aura the air (in motion), a breeze, breath of air, wind, blast:
- meis adj. pl. m. abl. meus of me, my, mine, belonging to me, my own
- ludificata part. sg. parf. pass. f. nom. ludifico to make game of, delude, cozen, deceive
- perit 3. sg. pereo to pass away, come to nothing, vanish, disappear, be lost
Haec nos dicta monent magnis obsistere frustra, / Paulatimque truces exsuperare minas.
Ces paroles nous avertisse que nous opposons en vain aux grands et que nous surmontons les menaces sauvages peu à peu.
- haec pron. pl. n. nom. indecl. hic haec, gen. hōrum
- nos pron. pl. m. acc. indecl. nos we
- dicta pl. n. nom. dictum something said, a saying, word, assertion, remark
- monent 3. pl. moneo to remind, put in mind of, admonish, advise, warn, instruct, teach
- magnis adj. pl. m. dat. magnus a great man
- obsistere inf. obsisto to take place before, stand in the way
- fluxa part. pl. parf. pass. n. acc. fluo to flow, stream,
- paulatimque adv. indecl. paulatim by little and little, by degrees, gradually
- truces pl. f. acc. trux wild, rough, hard, harsh, savage, fierce, ferocious, grim, stern
- exsuperare inf. exsupero to mount up, tower
- minas pl. f. acc. minae projecting points, pinnacles
